墨家律法思想及其现代价值

Mohism Law Thought and Its Modern Value

墨家学派以具有严格的组织纪律而著称,“墨者之法”是约束墨者行为的规则。“法”在《墨子》中有法度、效法和刑法三种含义。墨子刑法思想的重要来源是《尚书·吕刑》和商汤的《官刑》等。墨家重视刑法的公正性,强调“赏当贤,罚当暴,不杀不辜,不失有罪”。《墨子·号令》篇提到的刑罚种类有戮、斩、枭、车裂、杀、连坐、族、聅、断等,具有奴隶制刑罚向封建制刑罚过渡的特征。虽然这种具体的奖惩机制随着时代的变迁已不具有现实的应用价值,但是奖惩的原则对于今日政府和企业管理仍有一定的借鉴意义。

Mohism is famous for its strict organizational discipline,and“Mohist Law”is the rule that constrains the behavior of Mohists.Law has three meanings in Mo-tse:legality,validity and criminal law,which is mainly from Shangshu-Luxing Penalty and Shangtang s Official Penalty.Mohists attache great importance to the fairness of criminal law and emphasizes“rewarding the virtuous,punishing the violent,protecting the innocent and no sparing of the guilty”.The types of penalties mentioned in Mo-tse-Haoling include killing,chopping,warlord,car cracking,which are characterized by the transition from slavery penalty to feudal penalty.Although this specific reward and punishment mechanism has no practical application value with the change of the times,the principle still has certain reference significance for today s government and enterprise management.