“旅游学纵横:学界五人对话录(续)”之“回声:本土化与国际化之辨”

Random Thoughts on Tourism Studies: A Dialogue amongst Five Scholars (Ⅱ) Epilogue–Reflections on Internationalization vis-à-vis Localizationin Tourism Studies

国际化和本土化是知识的一种标识,代表着通则性知识与地方性知识,但本土化或国际化,并不意味着拥有随意篡改常识的权力。纯粹意义上的本土化或国际化是两个极端,用一个去否定另一个,最后都不利于学科的发展,只有把二者放到一起去谈,才有意义。“化”的本质是一种适应,是一种连绵,是一种延展,其前提是“本”。国际化的“本”在国内,在本土;本土化的“本”在国外,在西方。无论哪一种“化”,其“本”都有很强的自主性、生长力和适应性。积极意义上的旅游研究“国际化”和“本土化”,第一种是把它当成一种研究视角,其核心是视角切换;第二种是把它当成一种方法,其核心是比较;第三种是把它作为一种知识生产的方式,其核心是国际化视野和本土性知识。

This closing part of the dialogue revisits and reflects upon the ongoing debate about internationalization versus localization in the tourism studies community. In light of ontological and epistemic perspectives, methodological approaches, media of communication or dissemination, and disciplinary boundaries or territories, it is often acknowledged amongst the five discussants that the meanings or definitive aspects of the two notions are open to interpretation, so are the implications or implementations of both ideas(or ideals) in tourism studies subject to contexts. Much of the discussion focuses on theory development, originality and innovation, and the contribution of China or Chinese tourism research to the global corpus of tourism knowledge. The dialogue concludes by returning to its initial points of departure, albeit at a higher level, for more paradigmatic discussions.