创新驱动下制造业的产业转型升级

Innovation-Driven Manufacturing in Industrial Transformation and Upgrading: Empirical Study in Shaanxi Province

基于价值链视角下技术开发和成果转化两个阶段,分资本密集型、劳动密集型及技术密集型三种类型,利用陕西省制造业2004-2017年26个分行业层面的面板数据,本文研究了创新驱动对制造业产业升级的影响及其机理。研究发现,创新对制造业结构升级具有显著正向效应,与开放程度、政府作为等因素共同构成产业升级的动力机制;技术密集型制造业对创新的反应最为灵敏,创新作用指数要显著优于劳动密集型制造业与资本密集型制造业;创新驱动制造业产业升级的促进作用呈非线性效应,相较于技术开发阶段,成果转化阶段创新对产业结构升级的整体提升有更为显著的作用。由此提出构建创新支持政策体系、推进多种形式的"产学研"合作、坚持因地制宜战略等政策建议。

In order to analyze the impact of innovation drive on manufacturing industry upgrade and its mechanism, based on the two stages of technology development and achievement transformation from the perspective of the value chain, the paper uses the panel data of 26 manufacturing industries in Shaanxi manufacturing industry from 2004 to 2017, the characteristics and influence of innovation-driven manufacturing upgrading were studied. The study finds that innovation has a significant positive effect on the upgrading of manufacturing structure, and together with the degree of openness and government as the driving mechanism for industrial upgrading;technology-intensive manufacturing is the most sensitive to innovation, and the innovation role index is significantly better than Labor-intensive manufacturing and capital-intensive manufacturing;the driving role of innovation-driven manufacturing industry upgrading has a non-linear effect. Compared with the technology development stage, innovation in the transformation stage has a more significant effect on the overall upgrading of industrial structure. Therefore, it puts forward policy recommendations such as building an innovation support policy system, promoting various forms of "production, study, and research" cooperation, and adhering to the local adaptation strategy.