乡村实践——坝美村桃源书院设计解析

Rural Practice——Analysis on the Design of Taoyuan Academy in Bamei Village

当代建筑师在经历了"实验建筑"后,逐渐呈现出对乡村乡土营建实践的关注。一方面逐渐深入对建筑空间、材料、建构、场地、建筑形式等建筑本体的研究,另一方面也在思考如何通过建筑的介入和公共空间的组织,促进村民的公共交往并提升乡村基层社会组织的凝聚力,或是通过城乡互动带动乡村经济发展[1]。文章以云南坝美村的"桃源书院"①节点设计实践为例,思考如何在现代建筑语境下让书院不仅延续传统书院的特质,而且满足当下村民和游客的日常公共活动,笔者从场地的隐藏秩序生成到单体的形式和空间操作进行解析,期望建筑成为改变乡村社会的触媒,激活乡村活力,重构村民集体无意识的记忆和日常公共空间。

After experiencing the experimental architecture,the contemporary architects gradually pay attention to rural construction practice.On one hand,they gradually study the ontological architecture in depth,which includes architectural space,material,construction,site,architectural form,and so on.On the other hand,they also consider how to promote the public communication of the villagers,promote the cohesion of the rural grass-roots social organizations,or promote the rural economic development through the interaction between urban and rural areas by means of the intervention of the architecture and the organization of public space.Taking the node design practice of Taoyuan Academy in Bamei Village in Yunnan as an example,this paper reflects how to inherit the features of traditional academies in the context of modern architecture and meanwhile satisfying the daily public activities of the villages and the tourists.This paper interprets the hidden order of the site,the form of monomer and spatial operation,expects to make the architecture become the catalyst of changing rural society,activates the rural energy and reconstructs the villagers’collective unconscious memory and daily public space.