人工智能时代的算法规制:责任分层与义务合规

Algorithm Regulation in the AI Era: Liability and Compliance

通过云端搜集、校勘、分析海量大数据,独立法律人格待定的智能机器人,透过算法活动,在多个行业替代自然人从事高精尖业务并重塑人们的社会评价、权利义务及法律责任。算法活动以“信义义务”为核心调整传统受托人关系以及基于合同相对性进行损害赔偿,传统制度已不能完全囊括智能主体理应承担的所有义务,导致算法操纵、信息寻租和监管套利的三重失控,凸显人工智能产业布局中的法律规范缺位;算法妨害具有公共属性,穿透技术黑箱对合同之外的普罗大众造成“公共滋扰”,法律应当为不同潜在责任主体创设不同缺省合规义务,引导算法运营商、技术开发方内部化不合理社会成本,以构建人工智能责任体系的中国标准。

With cloud data mining providing the fuel for algorithm activity,artificial intelligence robots are vividly becoming human agents in sophisticated commercial activities,reshaping the credit system of the society.Traditional fiduciary system is now facing critical challenges due to the lack of public legal infrastructure against regulatory arbitrage and big data rent-seeking.In essence,algorithm nuisance is a special kind of public nuisance.In order to internalize unreasonable social costs associated with AI products,compliance obligations shall apply to all entities involved in AI production and utilization.