鲜食用甘薯新品种湘薯99的选育及栽培技术

Cultivation Techniques and Breeding of a New Fresh Sweetpotato Variety Xiangshu 99

湘薯99是湖南省作物研究所2015年从浙紫薯1号薯块的自然芽变材料中获得,经过水培、脱毒扩繁和品系鉴定选育而成。湖南省连续2 a多点区试平均产量分别为35488.05和36074.40 kg/hm^2,较对照湘薯15分别增产15.3%和18.6%,在5个试验点表现出较好的丰产性、稳产性和适应性。薯皮浅黄色,薯肉主要颜色为浅橘红色,次要颜色为黄色,偶有紫晕;结薯较集中,单株结薯5~9个,湖南地区夏薯栽培的商品薯率可达60%;薯块熟后无粗纤维,香甜粉糯,食味评分佳;抗薯瘟病,中抗根腐病和蔓割病,适宜在湖南省甘薯主产区夏、秋两季栽培,栽培时应注意精选种薯、培育壮苗,深耕土地、高垄双行,合理施肥,加强田间管理,适时收获。

Xiangshu 99 is a new fresh sweetpotato variety obtained by Crop Research Institute of Hunan Province in 2015.Originated from natural mutation storage root of Zhezishu No.1,Xiangshu 99 was selected through hydroponics,stem tip tissue virus-free culture and rapid propagation,and strain identification.In Hunan multi-site regional trials for two consecutive years,Xiangshu 99 averagely yielded 35488.05 kg/hm^2 and 36074.40 kg/hm2 respectively,was 15.3%and 18.6%higher than the control Xiangshu No.15,appearing a fairly high yield,and dependable yield potentiality and adaptability.When planted in summer,it yields contemporaneously with 5-9 root tubes per plant at a 60%commercial rate of storage roots.Covered by dim yellow peel,its root pulp is mainly light orange red then yellow,occasionally accompanied with purple halo.Being of fragrant,sweet,glutinous and delicate flavor without crude fiber,its storage roots win a high taste score.Xiangshu 99 is resistant to bacteria wilt and mid-resistant to root rot disease and fusarium wilt,so it is advisable to be planted in summer and autumn in the main sweetpotato producing areas of Hunan Province.In the meantime,attention should be paid to quality seed root selecting,healthy seedling raising,soil deep ploughing,two rows of high-ridge cultivation,rational fertilization,strengthening field management and timely harvest.