锂离子电池电解液回收处理技术进展及展望

Progress and prospect of electrolyte recovery and treatment technology for lithium-ion batteries

随着锂电池的大规模应用及其成本的快速下降,废旧锂电池将呈现爆发式累积性增长趋势,其健康、环境、安全隐患的累积效应成倍放大,不容忽视,若不能有效回收处理,会造成资源浪费和环境污染。尤其是电解液含有有毒有害物质,且在自然环境中极易发生副反应,造成二次污染,对其回收处置尤为关键。总结了锂离子电池电解液的组成及其潜在的危害,综述了国内外废旧锂电池电解液回收处理技术研究进展,展望了电解液新型回收处理技术及其发展前景。

With the large-scale application of lithium batteries and the rapid decline of the cost,the waste lithium batteries will show an explosive and cumulative growth trend,and the cumulative effect of the health,environment and safety hazards will be multiplied and cannot be ignored.If it cannot be effectively recycled,it will result in waste of resources and environmental pollution.In particular,the electrolyte contains toxic and harmful substances,and it is highly prone to side reactions in the natural environment,causing secondary pollution,so it is particularly critical for its recovery and disposal.The composition and potential hazards of the electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries were summarized.The new recovery and treatment technology of electrolyte was prospected.