中国城镇家庭收入与慈善捐赠

Household Income and Charitable Donations in Urban China

在慈善捐赠研究中,家庭收入被认为是影响捐赠行为的重要因素,家庭经济资本与慈善捐赠额间的关系已为很多研究所关注,收入对捐赠额的正向促进作用被得到广泛证实。而另一方面,也有大量研究发现若从捐赠额度占家庭收入的比例来看,并非收入水平越高的家庭捐赠额占其收入的比例越高,两者之间呈现出一种倒“U型曲线”关系。通过运用中国2012年的数据,以城镇家庭为对象,探讨家庭收入与家庭捐赠额之间的关系,研究发现:(1)收入越高的家庭,绝对捐赠额度确实越高;(2)家庭收入与相对捐赠额度之间并不存在显着的关系;(3)常规性劳动收入比重更大的家庭,捐赠额度越高,常规性劳动收入与非常规非劳动收入相比,对家庭捐赠额的促进作用更显著。

The majority of literature on charitable donations used data from Western countries and found a positive relationship between household income and donation.However,some studies indicated that donation and the proportion of donation over income is not positive but actually a“U-curve”relationship.In this study,we used data from the 2012 China Labor Force Dynamic Survey to investigate the relationship between household income and donation in urban China.The results show that(1)the higher the household income is,the higher the absolute amount of the donation;(2)there is no significant relationship between household income and the relative donation amount;and(3)compared with non-regular non-labor incomes,the regular labor income has a more pronounced effect on donation.