DDX3 RNA解旋酶在基因调控、肿瘤和病毒感染中的功能

FUNCTIONS OF DDX3 RNA HELICASE IN GENE REGULATION, TUMOR DEVELOPMENT AND VIRUS INFECTION

DEAD-box RNA解旋酶DDX3是一种多功能的蛋白,其参与RNA代谢的多个过程,包括转录、剪接、mRNA核输出、翻译、RNA降解和核糖体生物合成。此外,DDX3还参与了细胞周期调控、细胞凋亡、Wnt-β-catenin信号和肿瘤发生等。最近研究表明,DDX3参与天然免疫信号通路并且促进抗病毒分子(如:干扰素调控因子3和Ⅰ型干扰素)的产生,DDX3也是一些病毒的主要靶点,因此,DDX3可作为研发抗病毒药物的新靶点。本文简单介绍了DDX3的结构和功能,总结了其在基因表达调控、细胞周期调控和细胞凋亡过程中发挥的作用,最后阐述了病毒如何通过与DDX3的互作调控宿主先天性免疫,以期为细胞的稳态调控和抗病毒先天性免疫调控提供新的思路。

DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX3 is a multifunctional protein that participates in a series of processes of RNA metabolism including transcription,splicing,mRNA nuclear export,translation,RNA degradation and ribosome biosynthesis.In addition,DDX3 is involved in cell cycle regulation,apoptosis,Wnt-β-catenin signaling,and tumorigenesis.Recent studies have shown that DDX3 participates in the innate immune signaling pathway and promotes the production of antiviral molecules such as interferon regulatory factor 3 and type I interferon.Interestingly,DDX3 is also a major target for some viruses,therefore,DDX3 can be used as a new target for the development of antiviral drugs.This article briefly introduces the structure and function of DDX3,summarizes the role of DDX3 in gene expression regulation,cell cycle regulation,and apoptosis and discusses how the virus regulates host innate immunity through interaction with DDX3,which provide new insights into cellular steady-state regulation and anti-virus innate immune regulation.