1940年代初延安文学的场域建构与丁玲的习性重塑

Construction of Yan’an Literary Field in the Early 1940s and the Reshaping of Dingling’s Habitus

丁玲在陕北完成了从"五四"的女儿到革命的女儿的转变,这一转变的实质是丁玲习性中的"人的文学"诸要素与其革命体验之间重新协商、化合。1939-1942年间,中国共产党在延安试图建构一个相对独立的文学文化场域,这是丁玲习性重塑的最重要的外因。丁玲在文学场域中的占位及其习性构造的复合性则是其重要的内因。从最初的《保安行》《北上》到《一颗没有出膛的枪弹》《东村事件》,再到《夜》《在医院中时》《我在霞村的时候》《"三八节"有感》,这些作品显示着丁玲习性重塑的轨迹。在这一习性重塑中,丁玲的性别自觉与其革命信仰之间的化合使丁玲成为革命的女儿:在革命信仰基础上表达着性别自觉的女性。

Dingling has shifted from being a daughter of the May 4 thMovement to a daughter of revolution during her study in northern Shanxi. This is a process of the negotiation and integration between human-oriented literature and the revolutionary experience in Ding’s personality. From 1939 to 1942, the Chinese Communist Party was trying to create a relatively independent literary/cultural field, which is the extrinsic motivation of her habitus reshaping. Her status in the literary field and the complex temperament are the intrinsic motivation. Her works, from Trip in Baoan County, Going Northward, A Bullet not Fired, Incidents in Dongcun Village, to Night, In the Hospital, During My Stay at Xiacun Village, Comments on International Women’s Day, reveals the process of her personality reshaping. In this course, the integration of her gender consciousness and beliefs in revolution make her become a revolutionary girl, she devotes to the expression of her gender consciousness on the basis of revolution belief.