西方哲学史上宇宙观的三次转换及其问题

The Three Transformations of the Cosmology in the History of Western Philosophy and Its Problems

西方哲学经历了多次宇宙观的转换,从古代的神话宇宙观到古希腊的和谐宇宙观,接着是宗教宇宙观,而后是近代的人文主义宇宙观。古代的神话宇宙观及古希腊的和谐宇宙观,强调的都是世界是和谐的或如何实现和谐;宗教宇宙观则强调人与自然是根本对立的,是无法和谐的,人必须控制自然才能保证自身不受伤害;近代人文主义宇宙观则彰显理性和自由、科学和进步,拒斥权威和教条主义,强调人的权利,但也支持殖民统治,具有用技术控制自然等现代性思想。宇宙观的转换,虽然为人类带来了科学理性和现代价值观,但也带来诸多问题,这些都是我们应该认真反思的。

Western philosophy has undergone many transformations of the cosmology,from the mythological view of ancient Greece to the harmonious cosmology of ancient Greece,followed by the religious cosmology,and then the modern humanistic cosmology.The ancient Greek mythology and its harmonious cosmology emphasize that the world is harmonious and how to achieve harmony;the religious cosmology emphasizes that people and nature are fundamentally opposite,and that they cannot be harmonious.People must control nature to ensure that they are not harmed;The modern humanistic cosmology highlights rationality and freedom,science and progress,rejects authority and dogmatism,emphasizes human rights,but also supports colonial rule,requires the use of technology to control natural and other modern ideas,and the transformation of the cosmology,which brings humanity scientific rationality and modern values,but also bring many problems,these are all we should seriously reflect.