生态文明视野下取水权生态化探究

The Ecological Thinking of the Water Rights in China from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization

生态文明建设要求我国既有取水权制度必须进行生态化转型。然而,我国取水权制度生态化转型建设具有复杂性与跨学科性两大难题。因此,有必要运用民法学、行政法学以及环境法学三个学科理论对我国取水权制度生态化建设进行研究。从理论与制度规范角度出发,在界定我国取水权是新型用益物权属性的基础之上,明确取水权生态化的概念及内涵,着重强调我国取水权生态化建设应遵循:利益平衡、适度分散、配套建设、科学安排取水顺序这四大原则。此外,我国取水权制度生态化建设主要包括取水权取得、取水权行使以及取水权转让的生态化创新与完善三大方面的内容。

The construction of ecological civilization requires the ecological transformation of water rights in our country.The ecological transformation construction of China’s water rights system is facing problems that are complex and interdisciplinary.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out research by applying subject theories of civil law,administrative law and environmental law in the ecological construction of water rights system.From the perspective of theoretical analysis and system standardization,on the basis of defining the right to take water in China is the new usufructuary right,this paper defines the concept and connotation of the ecologicalization of the right to take water,emphasizing the ecological construction of water rights in China should follow the four principles:the balance of interests,the appropriate dispersion,the matching construction and the scientific arrangement of the water.In addition,the ecological construction of China’s water abstraction system mainly includes three aspects:the acquisition of water rights,the exercise of water rights,and the ecological innovation and improvement of water rights transfer.