全尺寸风机叶片疲劳测试技术与弯矩匹配方法研究进展综述

Review of Fatigue Testing Technology and Bending Moment Matching Method of Full-scale Wind Turbine Blades

风机叶片作为风力发电中能量转换的关键部件,运行期间将承受大量外部载荷,极易发生疲劳失效,导致严重经济损失。为了保证叶片疲劳寿命达到设计要求,叶片装机运行前必须进行疲劳测试。测试时,叶片上的测试弯矩作为衡量叶片损伤的指标通常与预先设计的目标弯矩相差较大。为了使疲劳测试对叶片造成的损伤接近叶片实际损伤,需要在测试前采取相关措施缩小弯矩误差,此过程称为弯矩匹配。近年来叶片尺寸逐渐大型化,大型叶片的疲劳测试技术与弯矩匹配方法已成为研究的重点。概括了疲劳测试技术的工作原理,系统介绍了现有弯矩匹配研究方法,为大尺寸风机叶片疲劳测试的开展提供支持。

As a key component in the process of wind power energy conversion,wind turbine blades will withstand large number of external loads during working period,which may cause blade fail and even serious economic loss.In order to ensure that the fatigue life of the blade meets the design requirements,fatigue test must be performed before the blade is installed.During the test,as a parameter for evaluating the damage of the blade,the test bending moment on the blade is usually quite different from the pre-designed target bending moment.In order to make the damage caused by the fatigue test to the blade close to the actual damage of the blade,it is necessary to take measures before the test to reduce the bending moment error,which called bending moment matching.With the increasing size of the blade in recent years,the design of fatigue testing technology and bending moment matching method for large blades have become focus of research.Therefore,in order to provide support for the future design of larger blades,this paper systematically summarizes the loading principle of fatigue testing technology and the matching process of existing bending moment matching methods.