氮肥用量对啤酒大麦相关农艺性状及品质的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Agronomic Traits and Quality of Beer Barley

【目的】研究氮肥用量对啤酒大麦相关农艺性状及品质的影响,分析新疆大麦种植区最优施氮量,为大麦优质高产提供理论依据。【方法】以近几年引进和自育的大麦品种为材料,比较不同氮肥用量下4个品种的农艺性状、产量及品质差异。【结果】不同氮肥用量对大麦出苗期的影响不大,抽穗期与成熟期、生育期均随着氮肥用量增加而推迟,各处理差异显著。基本苗数各品种均在225 kg/hm^2水平下表现最好。株高随氮肥用量增加而不断升高,穗长、主穗粒数、千粒重均在225 kg/hm^2处理下最优。各处理间产量和蛋白质含量无显著性差异,但在300 kg/hm^2处理下,蛋白质含量最高,产量在225 kg/hm^2最优。【结论】新疆啤酒大麦的氮肥用量应控制在225 kg/hm^2左右效益最佳。

【Objective】To study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the agronomic traits and quality of beer barley,and to find the optimal nitrogen application rate in Xinjiang barley planting area,so as to provide an effective theoretical basis for achieving high quality and yield.【Methods】The varieties introduced and self-bred in recent years were used as experimental materials to compare the differences in agronomic traits,yield and quality of four varieties under different nitrogen fertilizer dosages.【Result】The effects of different nitrogen fertilizer rates in the emergence stage were not significant.The heading stage,maturity stage and growth period were delayed with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application,and there were significant differences among the treatments.The basic seedlings showed the best performance at 225 kg/hm^2.The plant height increased with the kg/hm^2 increase of nitrogen fertilizer application,and the ear length,the number of main spikes and the 1,000-grain weight were all under 225 kg/hm^2 treatment,which was the best.There was no significant difference in the yield and protein content between the treatments,but under the treatment of 300 kg/hm^2,the protein content was the highest and the yield was still optimal at 225 kg/hm^2.【Conclusion】In conclusion,in order to achieve the best benefit in production,the experiment concluded that the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used in Xinjiang beer barley should be controlled at about 225 kg/hm^2.