外泌体miRNA在卵巢癌中的研究进展

Advances in Research of Exosome MiRNAs in Ovarian Cancer

卵巢癌(ovarian cancer,OC)致死率在女性生殖系统肿瘤中位居第一,因其早期无典型症状,大多数患者在晚期才得到诊断。此外,由于癌细胞易对化疗药物产生耐药,多数患者会出现复发,导致患者预后很差。因此寻找有效的早期诊断及治疗方法对OC的早期预测、疗效评估、预后及复发判断等具有重要意义。外泌体(exosome)是近年来研究的热点,其富含脂质、蛋白质、RNA和DNA,通过与细胞膜融合将内容物释放到细胞外环境,影响相邻或远处细胞的生物学行为。研究认为外泌体可参与肿瘤微环境中细胞间通讯,通过传递癌或抑癌信息分子,影响肿瘤的进程。微小RNA(miRNA)可被包裹在外泌体中传递至受体细胞,影响肿瘤细胞的增殖、转移、耐药等,在肿瘤进展中发挥重要作用。本文对外泌体miRNA在OC中的研究进行综述。

The ovarian cancer(OC) mortality rate ranks first among tumors of female reproductive system. Due to lack of early typical symptoms, most patients are diagnosed at advanced stage. Moreover, it is inclined to relapse because of resistance to chemotherapy, resulting in poor prognosis. Therefore, finding effective early diagnosis and treatment is of great significance for early prediction, evaluation, prognosis and recurrence of OC. Exosome is a hotspot in recent years, which is rich in lipids, proteins, RNA and DNA, etc. It is released into the extracellular environment through fusing with cell membranes, affecting the biological behavior of adjacent or distant cells. Furthermore, exosome participates in intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment and affects the progression of the tumor by transmitting oncogene or tumor suppressor molecules. Micro RNAs(miRNAs) can be encapsulated in exosomes and delivered to recipient cells, playing an important role in tumor progression. This paper reviews the research of exosome miRNAs in OC.