巨大胎盘绒毛膜血管瘤致新生儿脑梗死一例并文献复习

A Case of Neonatal Cerebral Infarction Caused by Giant Placental Chorioangioma and Literature Review

胎盘绒毛膜血管瘤是最常见的起源于毛细血管或较大血管的非滋养层和错构瘤样肿瘤,体积小的一般预后良好,其发病率约占所有分娩孕妇的1%。由于胎盘血管瘤循环过载会导致胎儿受损,因此对于直径大于4 cm的胎盘血管瘤应该密切重视。极少数的情况下,直径超过4.0~5.0 cm的巨大胎盘血管瘤可直接影响胎儿循环,引起新生儿脑梗死。报道1例大小约6.0 cm×5.0 cm的胎盘血管瘤合并新生儿脑梗死病例,巨大胎盘血管瘤和不明原因的新生儿脑梗死均为罕见,提示在新生儿脑梗死病因不明的情况下,胎盘检查应被视为重要的诊断检查。

Placental chorioangioma is the most common non-trophoblast and hamartoma-like tumor originating in the capillaries or larger vessels. The general prognosis of the small volume is good, and the morbidity is estimated to be 1% of all deliveries. The placental hemangioma with a diameter of more than 4 cm should be given close attention, because the overloaded circulation could damage the fetus. In rare cases, the giant placental hemangioma with a diameter of more than 4.0-5.0 cm can directly influence the fetal circulation and cause neonatal cerebral infarction. In this paper, we report a case of the giant placental hemangioma with a size of about 6.0 cm ×5.0 cm and the combined neonatal cerebral infarction. Both the giant placental hemangioma and the neonatal cerebral infarction of unknown causes are rare, suggesting that the placental examination should be regarded as an important diagnostic test in those cases of neonatal cerebral infarction of unknown causes.