绿豆干法脱皮设备关键参数优化与试验

Optimization and experiment on key parameters of dehuller for dried mung beans

绿豆干法脱皮设备脱皮合格率低、出米率低,关键参数研究缺乏的现状已成为制约产业健康发展的问题之一。针对这些问题,该文结合绿豆物理特性研究,采用二次正交旋转组合设计试验及响应曲面分析方法,开展绿豆干法脱皮设备关键参数中脱皮滚筒转速、砂辊转速、脱皮时间优化与试验,利用Design-Expert对数据进行了分析并探讨了各参数及其交互作用对脱皮合格率、整米率的影响,并利用该软件进行了多目标优化。试验结果表明:影响脱皮合格率的因素依次为:脱皮滚筒转速>作业时间>砂辊转速;影响出米率的因素依次为:作业时间>脱皮滚筒转速>砂辊转速;脱皮滚筒转速与作业时间交互作用对脱皮合格率影响极显著(P<0.01),其余参数交互作用影响不显著;脱皮滚筒转速与作业时间交互作用对出米率影响极显著(P<0.01),脱皮滚筒转速与砂辊转速交互作用对出米率影响不显著。多目标优化结果表明:绿豆干法脱皮设备作业关键参数的最优参数组合为脱皮滚筒转速25.20 r/min、砂辊转速1642.61 r/min、脱皮时间108.8 min。此时,脱皮合格率、出米率均达最大值,分别为99.72%、86.57%。将最优组合参数应用在设备上并开展累计20批次绿豆脱皮加工作业,得到脱皮合格率、出米率的均值分别为99.32%、85.63%,脱皮质量大幅提升,有效降低了脱皮损失。该研究可为绿豆脱皮机作业质量改善提供参考。

Mung bean is one of the widely cultivated crops in China,and its yield and exports account were the first in the world.However dehulling technology and operation quality of mung bean have not been significantly improved over the long term due to insufficient attention.The poor qualified dehulling rate and dehulled mung beans rate restricted the development of mung bean industry.The unreasonable working parameters(speed of dehulling roller,speed of sand drum,operation time)of the dehuller were the main reason of this problem,which had a negative impact on operation quality.In this experiment,quadratic orthogonal rotation and response surface method were used to obtain the best operation quality,and key working parameters were optimized using Design-Expert.The properties of tested mung beans were analyzed,and the results showed that the color of the mung beans was dark green.With the moisture content of the mung bean at 9.2%,the thousand seeds weight was 63.5 g,and the length,width,thickness were about 5.70,4.18,4.33 mm respectively,the repose angle of mung beans was 23.71°,the crushing force of 60% mung beans was about 36N.The data analysis of the dehulling experiment showed that primary and secondary factors for qualified dehulling rate was speed of dehulling roller>operation time>speeds of sand drum.Regarding to the dehulled mung beans rate,the order was:operation time>speed of dehulling roller>speeds of sand drum.The result of interaction analysis showed that the interaction between speed of dehulling roller and operation time had a significant impact on the qualified dehulling rate,while the interactions between other parameters were not significant.The interaction between speed of dehulling roller and operation time had a significant effect on dehulled mung beans rate,and the interaction between the speed of the sand drum and operation time also had a significant effect on dehulled mung beans rate.The optimal working parameters of dehuller for dried mung beans were speed of dehulling roller of 25.20r/min,speed of sand drum of 1642.61r/min,and operation time of 108.8 min.With the optimal working parameters,qualified dehulling rate and dehulled mung beans rate of the dehuller were 99.72% and 86.57%,respectively.The results of verification test and optimization result were highly consistent.Production tests were carried out 20 times in the factory according to the optimization results.With the optimal parameters applied by dehuller for dried mung beans,qualified dehulling rate and dehulled mung beans rate were 99.3% and 85.6%,respectively.The results of the production verifications were very close to the results got from the previous model results,and the quality of the dehuller improved greatly.This study is helpful for the improvement of the dehuller for dried mung beans.