时间的共享伦理意蕴

Analysis on Ethical Significance of Sharing Feature of Time

"时间"是人类可以共享的一种公共性资源,也是一个具有深厚共享伦理意蕴的概念。在整个宇宙中,时间是共享性最强的资源。时间具有时间性,时间性是包括人类在内的所有存在者存在的方式。与其他存在者共享时间和时间性是人类应有的一种美德。人类借助记忆共享过去时间,通过现实感共享现在时间,但不一定能够共享未来时间。在共享时间的过程中,人类总是希望将时间私有化,并且对它进行私有化处理。时间被私有化之后,侵占或剥夺他人私人时间的行为会受到道德谴责和法律惩罚。在职业生活中,我们与自己的同事共享工作时间;在闲暇生活中,我们与亲人或朋友共享闲暇时间。职业伦理要求从业者以合乎伦理的方式共享工作时间;休闲伦理的核心要义是要求人们共享自己的闲暇时间,能够很好地共享闲暇时间的人是具有伦理智慧的人。人类的生存意义和价值并不取决于时间的长短,但时间的长短确实能够对我们的生存意义和价值形成不容忽视的制约。时间总是向前延伸,它也从来不限制人类生命的意义和价值。人类个体的生命是有限的,但他所创造的人生价值完全可能是无限的。时间是衡量人类道德生活的重要尺度。我们应该对自己对待时间的态度和使用时间的行为承担道德责任,同时我们不允许别人随意剥夺自己的时间。

Time is a resource that can be shared and a concept with ethical implication of sharing.In the universe,time is the most universally shared resource.Sharing time with other beings is a virtue that human beings should cultivate.Humans share past time through memory and present time through reality,but are not doomed to share future time.In the process of sharing time,human beings always want to privatize it.When time is privatized,any attempt to seize or deprive others of their private time is subject to moral condemnation and legal penalties.In our professional life,we spend our working hours with our colleagues;in our leisure life,we spend our leisure time with our relatives or friends.The core of leisure ethics requires people to learn to share their leisure time.He who can share his leisure time well is a man of ethical wisdom.Although our survival significance and value do not depend on the length of time,the length of time can indeed form a constraint on our survival significance.We should be morally responsible for our attitude towards time and our use of time,but at the same time we should not allow others to deprive ourselves of our time at will.