论电子数据保全之司法应用

On Judicial Application of Digital Data Preservation

电子数据保全在当前的民事司法中存在应用混乱的问题,主要体现在法律规范适用不统一、部分保全技术方案可靠性差、自我监督机制不完善等方面。从实证研究的角度来看,在法律规范适用不统一方面,应当把电子数据保全和公证分清界限,否定其公证性质,而在适用电子认证服务相关规范时,则应视情况区别对待;在部分保全技术方案可靠性方面,应在理论和实践中区分离线保全和在线保全,其中在线保全对电子数据来源客观性有较高要求,也是未来电子数据保全的发展方向,当予重视。另外,由于目前保全主体无法律资质,电子数据保全要保证其中立性,就应特别重视对自我监督机制的建设。目前司法实践中采用的自我监督方案主要是“去中心化”的区块链存证和“中心化”的基于超级哈希函数的全局监督,但两者也均存在一定问题,需要在实践中进一步观察分析。

The application of digital data security in the current civil justice is chaotic,which is mainly reflected in the inconsistent application of laws and regulations,the poor reliability of some security technology solutions,and the incomplete self-monitoring mechanism.From the perspective of empirical research,in terms of inconsistent application of legal norms,the distinction between digital data preservation and notarization should be distinguished,and the nature of notarization should be negated.When applying the relevant specifications of electronic certification services,they should be treated differently according to the situation;Regarding the reliability of security technology solutions,offline security should be distinguished from online security in theory and practice.Among them,online security has higher requirements for the objectivity of digital data sources,and it is also the development direction of digital data security in the future.It should be taken seriously.In addition,since the current security subject has no legal qualifications,digital data security must ensure its neutrality,and special attention should be paid to the construction of a self-monitoring mechanism.At present,the self-monitoring schemes used in judicial practice are mainly"decentralized"blockchain certification and"centralized"global supervision based on the super hash function,but both have certain problems and need to be implemented in practice.Further observation and analysis.