鲜竹沥的化学成分及其对枸橼酸致豚鼠咳嗽的研究

Chemical Constituents of Bamboo Juice and their Effects on Cough Induced by Citric Acid in Guinea Pigs

目的研究鲜竹沥的化学成分及其主要成分对枸橼酸所致豚鼠咳嗽的作用和初步机制.方法利用硅胶、SephadexLHG20、ODS、MPLC等柱色谱方法进行化合物的分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和MS、NMR等波谱数据方法进行结构鉴定,并将主要量大成分的化合物用于豚鼠咳嗽研究.将144只豚鼠随机分成12组:模型组、正常组、咳特灵组、香草醛(高、中、低剂量)组、芥子醛(高、中、低剂量)组、丁香醛(高、中、低剂量)组,每织12只.采用喷雾给药方式,以生物信息采集系统记录咳嗽信号、录音和人工计数等方法统计咳嗽次数和咳嗽潜伏期,并对支气管进行病理切片观察.结果从鲜竹沥中分离鉴定出6个化合物,包括:丁香醛(1)、6G羟基G2G(4′G羟基G3′,5′G二甲氧基苯基)G3,7G二氧杂双环G[3.3.0]G辛烷(2)、香草醛(3)、芥子醛(4)、(+)Glyoniresinol(5)、芥子苷(6).化合物1、3、4均能显著延长豚鼠咳嗽潜伏期,减少咳嗽次数和减轻支气管组织炎症反应.结论化合物5和6为首次从鲜竹沥中分离而得,化合物1、3、4能防治枸橼酸所致豚鼠咳嗽.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of bamboo juice and their effects on citric acid-induced cough in guinea pigs.Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography using silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,ODS and MPLC.The structures were identified by physiochemical properties and MS and NMR spectroscopic data.The main components were used to study their effects on citric acid-induced cough in guinea pigs.144 animals were randomly divided into model group,normal group,Keteling group,vanillin groups(high dose,medium dose and low dose),sinapaldehyde groups(high dose,medium dose and low dose),and syringaldehyde groups(high dose,medium dose and low dose),with 12 guinea pigs in each group.Guinea pigs were administered by means of spray,and cough signal was recorded by biological information acquisition system.Cough frequency and incubation period were recorded by recording and manual counting,and pathological sections of the bronchus were observed.Results Six compounds were isolated and identified,including syringaldehyde(1),6-hydroxy-2-(4′-hydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxa-bicyclo-[3.3.0]-octane(2),vanillin(3),sinapaldehyde(4),lyoniresinol(5),cassyformin(6).Compounds 1,3,and 4 could significantly prolong cough latency,reduce cough frequency and alleviate bronchial inflammation in guinea pigs.Conclusion Compounds 5 and 6 were first isolated from bamboo juice,and compounds 1,3,and 4 could prevent and treat cough induced by citric acid in guinea pigs.