某高校2015-2017年大学新生体检静息心率过快及影响因素分析

Analysis of Excessive Resting Heart Rate and Influencing Factors of Freshmen in a University from 2015 to 2017

目的了解大学新生静息心率(RHR)过快的情况及相关影响因素,为心血管疾病一级预防的提供科学依据。方法对2015-2017年某高校12 849名大学新生入学健康体检,分析RHR过快的检出率及影响RHR过快的因素。结果 12 849名大学新生的RHR过快检出率为2.23%,其中男生为2.26%,女生为2.30%(χ^2=0.025,P> 0.05);2015、2016、2017年的RHR过快检出率分别为1.85%、2.30%、2.73%,RHR过快检出率呈逐年升高趋势(χ^2=7.588,P <0.05);高血压组、超重肥胖组、城镇、熬夜、心血管病家族史的大学新生的RHR过快检出率分别高于非高血压组、非超重肥胖组、农村、非熬夜、无心血管病家族史(χ^2值分别为122.485、8.566、11.263、78.498、91.192,P值均<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示,高血压、肥胖、熬夜、缺乏体育锻炼、城镇、心血管家族史是大学新生RHR过快的危险因素(P值均<0.05)。结论大学新生的RHR过快与多种因素相关,心血管病的防治应从青少年时期开始,倡导健康的生活方式。

Objective To understand the excessive resting heart rate(RHR) of college freshmen and related influencing factors, so as to provide scientific basis for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases.Methods Based on the physical examination of 12 849 freshmen enrolled in Jianghan University from 2015 to 2017,the detection rate of excessive RHR and the factors affecting the excessive RHR were analyzed.Results Excessive RHR detection rate of 12 849 freshmen was 2.23%,2.26% for male and 2.30% for female(χ^2=0.025,P > 0.05);excessive RHR detection rates in 2015,2016 and 2017 were1.85%,2.30% and 2.73%,respectively,which showed an increasing trend year by year(χ^2=7.558,P<0.05);The detection rates of excessive RHR of college freshmen in hypertension group,overweight and obesity group,urban group,late night,family history of cardiovascular disease group were higher than those of non-hypertension group,nonoverweight and non-obesity group,rural group,non-late night,non-family history of cardiovascular disease group(χ^2 values were 122.485,8.566,11.263,78.498,91.192,P<0.05).The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that hypertension,obesity,staying up late,lack of physical exercise,town and family history of cardiovascular disease were risk factors for the excessive RHR of college freshmen(P<0.05).Conclusion The excessive RHR of freshman is related to many factors,the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases should be started from the youth and a healthy lifestyle should be advocated.