人类学视域下的“臼”字探源

Research on the Origin of Chinese Characters’ Component "臼" from the Perspective of Anthropology

汉字作为中国文化的符号载体之一,其构字要素中存在诸多可供研究的信息,蕴含着丰富的文化内核与强大的文化功能,反映出构字时代的物态形式、原始思维、制度文化及信仰体系,是当代学者通过人类学的视角进入中国古代文化的窍门所在。与"臼"部相关的文化是中国文化的重要组成部分,其内涵丰富,涉及中国古代物质、思维、信仰及制度等多个文化层面。本文尝试以考古资料与民间习俗为依据,运用文化人类学的"文化遗存法",关照"臼"部之文化现象,整理分析解读"臼"部参构的汉字,探究其背后的文化含义与民俗渊源,以求对"臼"部的内涵做出较为全面的阐释。

Chinese characters is one of the Chinese culture carriers.There are plenty of valuable information from the Chinese character*s components for study.The character components contain the substantial cultural kernel and powerful cultural functions,which reflects the form of state,the original thought,the institutional culture and the belief system.By studying the Chinese character's components,the entering process to ancient Chinese culture would be easier for the contemporary scholars from the perspective of the integration of anthropology.The culture associated with臼(means mortar)is an important part of Chinese culture.The character component,S,is of rich connotation,and involves several cultural dimensions in ancient China,such as substance,thought,beliefs,and institution,etc.This paper tries to reorganize and analysis the Chinese characters contains the component臼through the law of cultural relics and based on the archaeological records and folk customs.By exploring the cultural connotation and the source of folk customs,this paper tries to make a comprehensive explain for the Chinese characters'component 臼.