农村公路规模与结构因素在贫困地区影响的经验证据

Empirical Evidence of Impact of Rural Highway Size and Structural Factors in Poor Areas

中央政府对农村公路建设高度重视,农村公路是实施乡村振兴战略、打赢脱贫攻坚战、实现农业农村现代化的重要保障。研究选取县级面板数据,在对贫困县和非贫困县的比较研究中,阐释了农村公路从规模和结构两个维度影响农业经济增长的机理。研究发现:在当前贫困地区交通条件较为落后的背景下,县、乡、村道规模的增加对贫困地区农业经济增长仍然存在较强的正向影响;贫困地区与非贫困地区的等外公路(主要是村道)对经济增长的正向拉动作用极为显著,贫困地区的高等级公路中,二级公路的积极贡献较大,而在非贫困地区,一级公路对农业经济增长的正向影响较大。在政策方面较有意义的启示是,村道对农业经济增长的积极作用显著,意味着全国建制村通硬化路政策不仅符合民生的要求,对提高农业总产值、促进农业经济增长具有重要意义。此外,研究发现二级公路在贫困县的积极影响,为下一步贫困地区农村公路重点投资方向提供可参考的定量研究依据。

The central government attaches great importance to rural highway construction. Rural highway is an important guarantee for carrying out the strategy of rural renewal, fighting the war of poverty eradication, and modernizing rural agriculture.Based on the county-level panel data, the paper explains the mechanism of rural highway influencing agricultural economic growth from the dimensions of scale and structure in a comparative study of poor and non-poor counties.It is found that the increase of county, township and village roads still has a strong positive influence on the agricultural economic growth in poor counties.The more significant evidence of this paper is that the village road has a significant positive effect on agricultural economic growth in poor areas, which means that the road policy of the formed village in China not only meets the requirements of the people’s livelihood, but also has important significance for improving agricultural output value and promoting agricultural economic growth.In addition, this paper also finds the positive influence of secondary highway in poor counties, which can provide the quantitative research basis for the next rural highway investment.