新中国七十年特殊教育学学科发展的回顾与思考

Review and Reflection on the Development of Special Education in New China for 70 Years

特殊教育学学科的发展,是学科自身和时代交互的过程。在新中国成立七十年之际,对特殊教育的学科发展历程进行回顾和梳理,将发展阶段划分为萌芽、探索形成和深化提升三个阶段,在此期间特殊教育的学科建制和理论研究均得以发展,但同时我国特殊教育学科也存在学科定位不够明晰、学科理论体系本土化程度不高、学科人才力量比较薄弱、学科管理归属不清的问题。通过分析新时代特殊教育学科发展的新要求,指出要整合多学科理论、加强多学科协作以及构建丰富的特殊教育学科群的学科发展走向。

The development of special education is a process of interaction between the discipline itself and the times. Asnew China had been founded for 70 years,the development of special education can be divided into three stages,including the period of bud,the period of exploration and formation,the period of deepening and upgradingspecial education’s discipline establishment and theory research were developed,but there are also four problems about the discipline. Firstly,there is still controversial in subject orientation for China’s special education discipline. Secondly,we don’t have our own theory in special education. Thirdly,our disciplinary talent strength is weak. Fourthly,the subject management is disordered. By analyzing the new requirements of the development of special education in the new era,this paper points out that the subject should integrate the multi-disciplinary theories,strengthen the multi-disciplinary cooperation and construct the abundant special education subject cluster.