强脚树莺对寄生小杜鹃雏鸟的育雏行为

Feeding Behavior of Brownish-flanked Bush Warbler for Own Nestlings and Parasitic Lesser Cuckoo Nestling

育雏行为是鸟类双亲行为和亲代投资的重要研究内容,对后代的存活至关重要。2018年4-8月,在贵州宽阔水国家级自然保护区通过全程录像的方法,比较了强脚树莺(Horornis fortipes)对寄生小杜鹃(Cuculus poliocephalus)雏鸟与自身雏鸟的育雏行为进行了比较。结果表明,强脚树莺的育雏食物均以鳞翅目(飞蛾)和直翅目(蝗虫)为主;强脚树莺雏鸟的育雏期为13.6±1.4d(n=3),而小杜鹃的育雏期为15~16 d;双亲喂养强脚树莺雏鸟平均喂食18次/d,而小杜鹃高达45次/d;小杜鹃与强脚树莺的雏鸟生长差异显著,小杜鹃雏鸟的生长速度比强脚树莺要快。研究表明,与喂养自己的雏鸟相比,寄主在喂养寄生的小杜鹃雏鸟时需要付出更大代价。

The feeding behavior of parent birds is one of the important behaviors in parental investment and plays a key role in nestling growth. From April to August 2018, the feeding behavior of Brownish-flanked Bush Warbler(Horornis fortipes) for its own and Lesser Cuckoo(Cuculus poliocephalus) nestlings were compared using video recordings in Kuankuoshui National Nature Reserve, Guizhou, Southwestern China. The results showed that Lepidoptera and Orthoptera were the most common nestling food items. The fledged period for nestlings of the Brownish-flanked Bush Warbler was13.6 ±1.4 d(n=3) and 15-16 d for the Lesser Cuckoo, respectively. The average feeding time was 18 times per day for nestlings of the Brownish-flanked Bush Warbler, while for nestlings of the Lesser Cuckoo was up to 45 times per day. Nestling growth rate of the Lesser Cuckoo was faster than that of the Brownish-flanked Bush Warbler. The present study suggests that Brownish-flanked Bush Warbler hosts pay more cost to feed the parasitic cuckoo nestling compared with their own nestlings.