玉米自交系京92改良后代单穗粒重的杂种优势研究

Heterosis of kernel weight per ear of Jing92 improved inbred lines in maize

【目的】利用同群优良自交系京2416对京92进行遗传改良,探究改良后代单穗粒重的杂种优势,为选育高产的优良自交系奠定基础。【方法】以京92及229份改良自交系为试验材料,以X群自交系京724、京464和京MC01为测验种,采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计组配690个杂交组合,分析京92单穗粒重的改良效果。【结果】229份改良自交系与京92在单穗粒重上存在极显著差异,其中71份改良自交系单穗粒重高于京92;有80份改良自交系与京724组配组合的单穗粒重超高亲优势高于京92;有152份改良自交系与京464组配组合的单穗粒重超高亲优势高于京92;有111份改良自交系与京MC01组配组合的单穗粒重超高亲优势高于京92。【结论】通过同群优良自交系京2416的改良,获得单穗粒重比原自交系京92显著提升且与X群自交系京724、京464和京MC01的单穗粒重杂种优势都优于京92的9份改良自交系。

【Objective】The genetic improvement of Jing92 by using the same group inbred line Jing2416 was carried out to explore the heterosis of kernel weight per ear for the offspring,and laid the foundation for the selection of high-yield inbred lines.【Methods】Jing92 and a total of 229 improved inbred lines were used as materials,and X group inbred lines Jing724,Jing464 and JingMC01 were used as tests and 690 hybrid combinations were obtained by the NCII genetic mating design.The improvement effect of kernel weight per ear in Jing92 was analyzed.【Results】The results showed that the kernel weight per ear in 229 improved inbred lines and Jing92 was highly significant differences.Among then,71 improved inbred lines kernel weight per ear were weightier than Jing92.In the combination with Jing724,Jing464 and JingMC01,there were 80,152 and 111 improved inbred lines had higher Over-HP heterosis than Jing92.【Conclusion】Through the genetic improvement with the inbred line Jing2416,9 improved lines were selected,their kernel weight per ear were significantly higher than that of the original inbred line Jing92,and the heterosis were better than that of Jing92 with the representative lines Jing724,Jing464 and JingMC01 of X Group.