中国与欧洲公众环境参与权的比较研究

Comparative Study of Right to Public Participation in Environmental Matters in China and Europe

公众参与权的保障与实现程度直接关系着民主决策的科学性和有效性,关系着全面建设社会主义现代化国家的进程。针对环境问题而言,如何从法律理论与实践两个层面更有效地回应公众的“参与权”,值得深入研究。相较而言,欧洲的相关法律制度走在世界前列,从纵向发展的视角来看,中国和欧洲在保障公众环境参与权的进程以及所面临的挑战方面有着相似之处,欧洲经验对我国有着极其重要的借鉴作用。中国和欧洲公众环境参与权有着不同的理论基础、历史发展进程、参与范围、参与层次、参与阶段以及支持者。基于这些相似性和不同点,立足于中国的具体国情和实际,欧洲公众环境参与权保障法律机制能为我国解决类似挑战提供一些可能路径。

The safeguard and the realization of the right to public participation have the direct relationship with scientificity and effectiveness of democratic decision-makings,they also have the close relationship with the progress of the overall construction of a modern socialist country.As for the environmental matters,how to effectively safeguard the"right to participation"from the legal theoretical and practical perspectives needs further research.Comparatively speaking,the related legal system in Europe could be a good example for China.From a historical perspective,there are some similarities in the progress of safeguarding the right to public participation in environmental matters in China Europe.They also faced or are facing similar challenges in this progress.However,there are some differences between the right to public participation in China and Europe,for instance different theories,historical developmental progresses,participation scopes,participation levels,participation stages and supports.In these context,based on the China’s specific national conditions and reality,the lessons learnt from the related legal system in Europe for China are proposed.