北海市红树林土壤和水质监测研究

Monitoring of Mangrove Soil and Water Quality in Beihai City

本文以北海市大冠沙开阔海域沙生红树林、党江河口区域红树林、山口港湾区域红树林土壤及海水为研究对象,分析比较其土壤特征和海水水质状况,揭示其红树林土壤和海水的主要特性。结果表明:除白骨壤低潮地区土壤为碱性(pH为7.6),其余土壤均为酸性。木榄15~30 cm、桐花树0~15 cm与红海榄15~30 cm土壤有机质含量较高,其对应的有机碳含量亦较高。白骨壤低潮土壤的有机质含量较低。桐花树0~15 cm、木榄15~30 cm与红海榄15~30 cm土壤中全氮含量较高,与有机质、有机碳含量变化趋势一致。桐花树与无瓣海桑0~15 cm土壤中全磷含量较高。白骨壤低潮0~15 cm、白骨壤中潮0~15 cm与无瓣海桑0~15 cm土壤中有效磷含量较高,红海榄土壤中有效磷含量较低。红海榄0~15 cm土壤中速效钾含量高,但是红海榄15~30 cm土壤速效钾含量低。大冠沙和山口地区样地的水样为碱性,党江地区样地的水样为酸性。本研究样地中的溶解氧在6.66~6.86 mg·L^-1之间。党江地区海水盐度最低。大冠沙与党江地区样地海水化学需氧量为1.3 mg·L^-1,山口地区样地海水化学需氧量为1.4 mg·L^-1。样地海水总氮含量:大冠沙地区>党江地区>山口地区。样地海水总磷含量:党江地区>大冠沙地区>山口地区。大冠沙地区样地海水的锌含量高于党江和山口地区的,党江和山口地区样地的铜含量略高于大冠沙地区。在样地海水中未检测出铅、镉物质。

In this study,the mangrove soil and seawater in the Daguansha open sea sandy mangrove forest,Dang river estuary(Dangjiang)area mangrove forest and Mangrove forest in mountain pass bay area(Shankou)of Beihai city were taken as the research objects,and the soil characteristics and water quality of these mangrove forests were analyzed to reveal the main characteristics of the mangrove soil and seawater.The results showed that all the soils were acidic except the Avicennia marina soils(pH 7.6).The content of organic matter in soil of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza 15~30 cm,Aegiceras corniculatum 0~15 cm and Rhizophora stylosa 15~30 cm were higher,and the corresponding organic carbon content was also higher.The content of organic matter in Avicenna marina low tide soil was low.The content of total nitrogen in the soil from B.gymnorrhiza 15~30 cm,A.corniculatum 0~15 cm and R.stylosa 15~30 cm was higher,which was consistent with the trend of organic carbon content.The content of total phosphorus was higher in 0~15 cm soil of A.corniculatum and Sonneratia apetala.A.marina low tide 0~15 cm,A.marina moderate tide 0~15 cm and S.apetala 0~15 cm of soil effective phosphorus content was higher,the effective phosphorus content in R.stylosa soil was low.The content of available potassium in the soil of R.stylosa 0~15 cm was high,but at 15~30 cm was low.The water samples in Daguansha and Shankou area were alkaline,and the water samples in Dangjiang area were acidic.Dissolved oxygen in the sample plots in this study ranged from 6.66 to 6.86 mg·L^-1.The Danjiang area had the lowest salinity.The COD of Daguansha and Dangjiang sample land was 1.3 mg·L^-1,and that of Yamaguchi sample land was 1.4 mg·L^-1.Total nitrogen content of seawater in sample land:ordered by high to low,was:Daguansha>Dangjiang>Shankou.Total phosphorus content of sea water in sample land,ordered by high to low,was:Dangjiang>Daguansha>Shankou.The zinc content of seawater in Daguansha area was higher than that in Dangjiang and Shankou area,and the copper content in Dangjiang and Shankou area was slightly higher than that in Daguansha area.Lead and cadmium were not detected in any of the seawater samples.This study is expected to provide a scientific basis for monitoring,protection and management of mangrove in Beihai city,which is of great significance for the protection and restoration of mangrove in Beihai city.