基于光合菌剂的复合微生物菌肥对土壤速效养分含量及微生物群落结构多样性的影响

Effects of Photosynthetic Fungicide Based Compound Microbial Fertilizer on Soil Available Nutrient Content and Microbial Community Structure Diversity

【目的】探究不同微生物菌肥对土壤养分的潜在影响及微生物群落结构变化。【方法】通过盆栽种植试验,选用化肥(CK)、光合菌剂配施化肥(P1)和复合微生物菌肥配施化肥(P2)作为供试肥料施用于水稻作物,研究对水稻产量、产量性状及土壤养分在各生长时期的变化情况;基于土壤细菌16S rDNA高通量测序分析,分析不同处理对土壤微生物群落结构多样性的影响。【结果】在水稻生长各时期,与光合菌剂配施化肥、化肥处理相比,复合微生物菌肥处理的土壤速效磷、碱解氮和有机质含量达到最高峰时,分别高43.43%和9.75%、18.75%和23.91%、2.82%和4.29%;复合微生物菌肥处理和施用光合菌剂配施化肥处理分别比单施化肥处理的水稻产量提高了47.37%和21.05%;不同处理对土壤微生物菌群的相对丰度具有一定的影响,与化肥处理相比,复合微生物菌肥和光合菌剂配施化肥处理的Acidobacteria、Actinobacteria和Planctomycetes的相对丰度分别提高了21.28%和42.78%、 24.47%和32.44%、33.34%和31.47%;在α多样性方面,不同处理的Shannon指数、Chao1和ACE指数均无显著性差异。【结论】综合水稻土壤养分及产量,复合微生物菌肥处理效果最佳,可促进水稻生长,显著提高水稻产量以及土壤养分,有效增加水稻养分的吸收,减少养分流失,维持土壤肥力。

【Objective】To explore the potential effect of different microbial fertilizer on soil nutrients and the change of microbial community structure.【Method】Through pot planting experiment,fertilizer(CK),photosynthetic agent combined with fertilizer(P1)and compound microbial fertilizer combined with fertilizer(P2)were used as test fertilizers for rice crops to study the changes of rice yield,yield characters and soil nutrients in each growth period.Based on the analysis of 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing of soil bacteria,the effects of different treatments on the structure diversity of soil microbial community were discussed.【Results】The contents of rapidly available phosphorus,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and organic matter in soil treated with compound microbial fertilizer were 43.43%and 9.75%,18.75%and 23.91%,2.82%and 4.29%,respectively,when the contents of soil available phosphorus,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and organic matter reached the highest peaks in different growth stages of rice compared with that of photosynthetic bacteria combined with chemical fertilizer and fertilizer treatment.The yield of rice treated with compound microbial fertilizer and photosynthetic agent combined with chemical fertilizer increased by 47.37%and 21.05%,respectively.Different treatments had certain effects on the relative abundance of soil microflora,compared with the fertilizer treatments,the relative abundance of Acidobacteria,Actinobacteria and prontomycetes treated with compound microbial fertilizer and photosynthetic microbial agent increased by 21.28%and 42.78%,24.47%and 32.44%,33.34%and 31.47%,respectively,in the fertilizer treatments.In terms of diversity,Shannon index,Chao1 index and ACE index with different processing had no significant difference.【Conclusion】In terms of comprehensive rice soil nutrient and yield,the effect of compound microbial fertilizer treatment is the best,which can promote rice growth,significantly improve rice yield and soil nutrient,effectively increase the absorption of rice nutrient,reduce nutrient loss and maintain soil fertility.