英瓦根后果论证及其变形

Inwagen’s Consequence Argument and its Transformation

决定论与自由意志是否相容的问题在学界一直争论。英瓦根的后果论证是不相容论中最重要的论证之一,后果论证证明决定论和自由意志不相容。而要反驳后果论证,最直接的方法是找到后果论证中第二条推理规则的反例。为了能够对后果论证进行辩护,不相容论的支持者对第二条推理规则进行了多种变形。而在后果论证中如何理解“对某事有选择”尚有争论。

The question of whether determinism is compatible with free will has caused extensive discussions in the academic world.Among them,Inwagen’s consequence argument is one of the most important arguments in the incompatibility theory.The most common way to refute the argument is to find a counter example to the second inference rule in the consequence argument.In order to defend the consequence argument,the supporters of incompatibility have made various changes to the second inference rule.And there is still debate about how to understand“the choice of something”in the consequence argument.