居家培训在学龄期儿童屈光相关性弱视防治中的应用

Application of Home-based Training in Prevention and Treatment of Refractive-related Amblyopia for School-age Children

目的探讨居家培训在学龄期儿童屈光相关性弱视防治中的临床疗效。方法将符合诊断标准的114例学龄期屈光相关性弱视儿童按完全随机对照顺序编号,分成A、B、C 3组,3组儿童均进行规范的验光配镜及个体化弱视训练等。A组在上述基础上加用"居家培训",B组加用"针刺治疗",C组为对照组。通过问卷和现场考核等方法进行了为期1~7年的临床随访,观察学龄期弱视儿童视功能恢复情况。结果A、B、C 3组弱视儿童最佳矫正视力均有不同程度提高,注视性质均转为中心注视;弱视程度、三级视功能A、B两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),A、B两组与C组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且均优于C组。结论"居家培训"模式在学龄期儿童屈光相关性弱视方面的防治中更加规范了弱视治疗,提高了治疗的依从性,且与中医针刺治疗疗效相近,故"居家培训"模式值得在临床上进一步推广使用。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of home-based training in the prevention and treatment of refractive-related amblyopia for school-age children.Methods According to the diagnostic criteria,114 school-age children with refractive-related amblyopia were numbered in complete random order dividing into 3 groups of A,B and C.3 groups of children were trained in standard optometry and individualized amblyopia.After returning home,children were received home training in group A,received acupuncture treatment in group B,and received a single observation in group C.The clinical 1-7 years follow-up was carried out by questionnaire and on-the-spot examination.Visual function recovery of amblyopia in schoolage children was observed.Results The best corrected visual acuity of amblyopic children was improved to varying degrees in group A,B and C.The nature of gaze changed to central gaze.There was no significant difference in three-level visual function and degree of amblyopia between group A and B(P>0.05).There was significant difference between group A,B and group C(P<0.05).Group A and B was better than group C.Conclusion Home-based training in the prevention and treatment of refractive-related amblyopia in school-age children mainly standardized the treatment of amblyopia and improved the compliance of amblyopia children.Acupuncture therapy has similar effect with home-based training.Home-based training is worth further popularizing in clinical practice.