原油泡沫稳定特性研究进展

Research Progress on Stability of Crude Oil Foam

在油气集输与处理,特别是油气分离过程中,易产生大量泡沫。泡沫的演化和衰变整体符合液膜排液、气体扩散进而破灭的过程,通常认为原油中胶质、沥青质及蜡等固体颗粒是影响泡沫稳定性的重要因素,但对其影响规律和机理的认识却不尽相同,甚至观点相反。究其原因是原油组分及其所处工况都比较复杂,而且不同学者所用研究手段也不相同,因此,建议根据实际工况研制针对性实验装置,并借助现代化精密仪器进行精细分析,将宏观原油泡沫现象与微观下胶质、沥青质、蜡等在原油泡沫中结构变化相结合,分析各物质作用机理,有助于增进对泡沫稳定性的定性和定量研究。

Foam tends to generate in large quantities in the process of oil and gas gathering and transportation,especially oil and gas separation.The evolution and decay of foam conform to the process of liquid film drainage and gas diffusion overall.It is generally believed that solid particles such as resin,asphaltene and wax in crude oil are important factors that affect the stability of foam.However,the understandings of their laws and mechanisms are not the same or even the other way around.The reasons for that are that the composition of crude oil and the working conditions are complex,and the research methods used by scholars are different.Therefore,it is suggested that a targeted experimental device should be developed according to the actual working conditions,and macroscopic observation should be combined with the microstructure change of resins,asphaltenes and wax in crude oil foam through modern precision instruments,so as to analyze the mechanism of action of each substance and help to improve the qualitative and quantitative research of foam stability.