考虑高铁客运产品间交叉弹性的动态票价策略

Dynamic ticket price strategy considering the degree of cross price elasticity between high-speed railway passenger products

将由特定高铁列车所提供的起讫点间的旅客运输服务定义为单个高铁客运产品。随着高速铁路越来越"公交化",同一起讫点间客运产品间的可替代性越来越强,票价的调整有了更精细化的要求。用经济学中的交叉弹性理论描述客运产品间的可替代程度,用指数需求函数描述客运产品的需求与票价的关系,构建并求解高铁动态票价优化模型,对客运产品间不同可替代程度下的最优动态票价策略进行研究。结果显示:高铁客运产品间的可替代性会影响票价策略的选择,且客运产品间可替代程度的增加是否有利于客票收益的提高与可行折扣票价集合的选取有关。

In this paper, the passenger transport service between origin and destination provided by a specific high-speed train is defined as a single high-speed passenger transport product. As the high-speed railway becomes more and more "public transportation", the substitutability between passenger products of the same OD becomes stronger and stronger, and the adjustment of pricing has more refined requirements. In this paper, the cross-elasticity theory in economics was applied to the internal transport service of high-speed railway to analyze the degree of substitution and the relationship between ticket price and demand was described by Log-Linear function. A fare optimization model for multi-passenger products was established and solved. The choice of optimal fare strategy under different substitutability was studied. The results show that the substitutability between passenger transport products will affect the formulation of fare strategy, and whether its increase is conducive to the increase of passenger ticket revenue is related to the selection of feasible fare discount set.