饲料中添加啤酒酵母提取物对花鲈幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化和抗低氧胁迫能力的影响

Effects of Dietary Brewers’ Yeast Extract on Growth Performance,Antioxidant and Anti-Hypoxic Stress Ability of Juvenile Japanese Seebass(Lateolabrax japonicus)

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加啤酒酵母提取物对花鲈幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化和抗低氧胁迫能力的影响。选择初体重为(10.14±0.12)g的健康花鲈525尾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复35尾。分别投喂T1(对照组,含28%鱼粉,不添加啤酒酵母提取物)、T2(含25%鱼粉,不添加啤酒酵母提取物)、T3(在T2基础上添加0.1%啤酒酵母提取物)、T4(在T2基础上添加0.2%啤酒酵母提取物)和T5(在T2基础上添加0.3%啤酒酵母提取物)5种等氮等脂饲料,试验周期为56 d。结果表明:1)T2组花鲈摄食量显著低于T1组(P<0.05),但与T3~T5组无显著差异(P>0.05);T1及T3~T5组花鲈末体重有高于T2组的趋势(0.05<P<0.10);各组间花鲈形体指标、体成分无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)各组间花鲈血清生化指标无显著差异(P>0.05);随着啤酒酵母提取物添加量升高,花鲈血清过氧化氢酶活性显著增加,丙二醛和白细胞介素-6含量降低,T5组血清过氧化氢酶活性显著高于T2组(P<0.05),T3~T5组血清丙二醛和白细胞介素-6含量显著低于T2组(P<0.05);花鲈肝脏总抗氧化能力、过氧化氢酶活性随着啤酒酵母提取物添加量升高而增加,T4和T5组肝脏总抗氧化能力显著高于T1~T3组(P<0.05),T3~T5组肝脏过氧化氢酶活性显著高于T1组(P<0.05)。3)低氧胁迫6 h后,T3~T5组花鲈累计死亡率显著低于T2组(P<0.05),T4和T5组血清过氧化氢酶活性显著高于T1~T3组(P<0.05),血清丙二醛含量显著低于T1和T2组(P<0.05),T4和T5组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于T1和T2组(P<0.05),T3~T5组肝脏丙二醛含量显著低于T1和T2组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲料中添加0.1%~0.3%的啤酒酵母提取物可提高花鲈幼鱼生长性能,改善抗氧化状态,并提高抗低氧胁迫能力。

A 56-day feeding trail was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary brewers’yeast extract on growth performance,antioxidant and anti-hypoxic stress ability of juvenile Japanese seebass(Lateolabrax japonicus).A total of 525 juvenile Japanese seebass with an initial body weight of(10.14±0.12)g were divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 35 fish in each replicate.Five isoproteic and isolipidic diets were formulated by adding 28% of fish meal without brewers’yeast extract(T1),and 25% of fish meal with 0(T2),0.1% (T3),0.2% (T4)and 0.3% (T5)of brewers’yeast extract.Results showed as follows:1)the feed intake of fish in T2 group was significantly lower than that in T1 group,but was similar with T3 to T5 groups(P>0.05).Final body weight in T2 group was lower than that in T1 and T3 to T5 groups(0.05<P<0.10).Treatments did not alter the physical indices and whole body composition(P>0.05).2)The serum biochemical indices had no significant difference among groups(P>0.05).The serum catalase activity increased,whereas serum malondialdehyde and interleukin-6 contents decreased with the increase of dietary brewers’yeast extract.Serum catalase activity in T5 group was significantly higher than that in T2 group(P<0.05),and serum malondialdehyde and interleukin-6 contents in T3 to T5 groups were significantly lower than those in T2 group(P<0.05).Similarly,the hepatic total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity increased with the increase of dietary brewers’yeast extract.The hepatic total antioxidant capacity in T4 and T5 groups was significantly higher than that in T1 to T3 groups(P<0.05).The hepatic catalase activity in T3 to T5 groups was significantly higher than that in T1 group(P<0.05).3)After 6 h of hypoxic stress,the cumulative mortality rate in T3 to T5 groups were significantly lower than those in T2 group(P<0.05),serum catalase activity in T4 and T5 groups was significantly higher than that in T1 to T3 groups(P<0.05),and serum malondialdehyde content was significantly lower than that in T1 and T2 groups(P<0.05).Moreover,T1 and T2 groups had lower hepatic superoxide diamutase activity than T4 and T5 groups(P<0.05),and hepatic malondialdehyde content in T3 to T5 groups was significantly lower than that in T1 and T2 groups(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding 0.1% to 0.3% of brewers’yeast extract improve growth performance,antioxidant status,and anti-hypoxic stress ability of juvenile Japanese seebass.