饲粮泛酸水平对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率、氮代谢和血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Dietary Pantothenic Acid Level on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility,Nitrogen Metabolism and Serum Biochemical Indices of Growing Minks

本试验旨在研究饲粮泛酸水平对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率、氮代谢和血清生化指标的影响。试验选用(80±5)日龄、平均体重(1.16±0.06)kg的健康雄性短毛黑水貂90只,随机分成6组,每组15个重复,每个重复1只。泛酸添加形式为D-泛酸钙,基础饲粮中泛酸水平为9 mg/kg,各组泛酸添加水平分别为0(Ⅰ组,对照组)、10(Ⅱ组)、20(Ⅲ组)、30(Ⅳ组)、40(Ⅴ组)、80 mg/kg(Ⅵ组)。预试期7 d,正试期62 d。结果表明:1)Ⅱ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的平均日增重显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅳ组的平均日采食量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。2)Ⅵ组的泛酸摄入量、粪便泛酸排泄量和泛酸沉积量极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01);Ⅵ组的尿液泛酸排泄量显著或极显著高于Ⅰ~Ⅴ组(P<0.05或P<0.01);Ⅳ、Ⅴ组的泛酸利用率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。3)各组之间干物质消化率、氮消化率、脂肪消化率和碳水化合物消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅵ组的尿氮含量显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ和Ⅵ组的净蛋白质利用率显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ和Ⅵ组的蛋白质生物学价值极显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.01)。5)Ⅵ组的血清白蛋白含量显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅴ组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组的血清葡萄糖含量显著或极显著低于Ⅱ~Ⅵ组(P<0.05或P<0.01),Ⅵ组的血清碱性磷酸酶活性极显著高于Ⅰ~Ⅴ组(P<0.01),Ⅵ组的血清胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅴ组(P<0.05或P<0.01),Ⅵ组的血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。综上所述,适宜的饲粮泛酸水平可提高育成期水貂的生长性能、泛酸利用率、净蛋白质利用率和蛋白质生物学价值,影响血清生化指标。综合生长性能和养殖成本,育成期水貂饲粮中适宜的饲粮泛酸添加水平为10 mg/kg,即饲粮中泛酸水平为19 mg/kg。

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary pantothenic acid level on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,nitrogen metabolism and serum biochemical indices of growing minks.Ninety male short-haired black minks at the age of(80±5)days and with similar body weight of(1.16±0.06)kg were randomly divided into 6 groups with 15 replicates per group and 1 mink per replicate.Pantothenic acid was added in the form of D-calcium pantothenic acid,and the level of pantothenic acid in basic feed was 9 mg/kg.Pantothenic acid supplemental levels of 6 groups were 0(groupⅠ,control group),10(groupⅡ),20(groupⅢ),30(groupⅣ),40(groupⅤ)and 80 mg/kg(groupⅥ),respectively.The experiment was 7 days for adaptation and 62 days for trial period.The results showed as follows:1)the average daily gain of groupsⅡ,ⅣandⅤwas significantly higher than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05),and the average daily feed intake of groupsⅡandⅣwas significantly higher than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05).2)The pantothenic acid intake,fecal pantothenic acid excretion and pantothenic acid retention of groupⅥwere significantly higher than those of other groups(P<0.01);the urine pantothenic acid excretion of groupⅥwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅠtoⅤ(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the pantothenic acid utilization of groupsⅣandⅤwas significantly higher than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05 or P<0.01).3)No significant differences were found in dry matter digestibility,nitrogen digestibility,fat digestibility and carbohydrate digestibility among all groups(P>0.05).4)The urine nitrogen content of groupsⅡ,Ⅲ and Ⅵ was significantly lower than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05),the net protein utilization of groupsⅡ and Ⅵ was significantly higher than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05),and the biological value of protein of groupsⅡ and Ⅵ was significantly higher than that of groupⅠ(P<0.01).5)The serum albumin content of groupⅥwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅠand Ⅴ(P<0.05),the serum glucose content of groupⅠwas significantly lower than that of groupsⅡ to Ⅵ(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the serum alkaline phosphatase activity of groupⅥwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅠ to Ⅴ(P<0.01),the contents of cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum of groupⅥwere significantly higher than that of groupsⅠ,Ⅲ and Ⅴ(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol content of groupⅥ was significantly higher than that of groupsⅠand Ⅲ(P<0.05).In summary,the appropriate dietary pantothenic acid level can improve the growth performance,pantothenic acid utilization,net protein utilization and biological value of protein of growing minks,and affect the serum biochemical indices.Comprehensive growth performance and breeding cost,the appropriate dietary pantothenic acid supplemental level for growing minks is 10 mg/kg,that is,the dietary pantothenic acid level is 19 mg/kg.