行为干预情绪记忆再巩固:从实验室到临床转化

Behavioral intervention of emotional memory reconsolidation:From bench to bedside

重新激活已经储存的记忆会重返暂时不稳定的状态,需要经历重新稳定,称为记忆再巩固。在这期间可以通过多种行为手段破坏、强化或更新原始记忆痕迹,这为开发一种革命性的情绪记忆障碍治疗方法开辟了道路。然而,即使在简单的实验模型中引发记忆再巩固的条件也是复杂的,这给临床转化带来了困难与挑战。未来研究可以设置更具生态效应的基础模型,寻求引发以及干预再巩固的最佳方式,从神经生理、细胞分子层面进一步深化其内在机理研究。

A consolidated memory trace can go back to an unstable state after reactivation and become susceptible to modulation,as long as it conforms to specific conditions.Memory reactivation serves as opening a short time window for the labile trace of memory be modified before coming into a new round of consolidation which is called the reconsolidation.It provides a transient opportunity to strengthen memories or disrupt undesired and maladaptive memories,so as to open avenues for developing a revolutionary treatment for emotional memory disorders.Behavioral intervention,however,is of especial significance in human studies as well as the clinical translation practice;and has been demonstrated as an effective way to interfere with destabilized memories.However,even in simple laboratory models,the conditions for inducing memory reconsolidation are complex,which highlights difficulties and challenges for clinical translation.We reviewed the main evidence and advances in the behavioral interference of memory reconsolidation,both in the laboratory and clinical practice.Future research can find its way to set up a more ecological experimental model to simulate the actual trauma and to build an optimal procedure to trigger and intervene memory reconsolidation.Additionally,the cooperation of studies of the neurophysiological,cellular and molecular levels is needed to deepen our understanding of the internal mechanism underlying the paradigm.