沙尘对光伏组件表面冲蚀行为影响实验研究

Experimental study on erosion behavior of sand dust on photovoltaic modules

文章根据野外沙漠的环境因素,基于气流挟沙喷射法,利用风沙冲蚀系统模拟沙漠的风沙环境,分析不同安装倾角、风速下,沙尘的冲蚀对光伏组件输出特性的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察光伏组件表面的冲蚀形貌。分析结果表明,光伏组件表面钢化绒面玻璃的冲蚀率随着冲蚀角的增加而增加,并在冲蚀角为90°时达到最大值。通过实验还发现,当冲蚀速度分别为25,30 m/s时,不同冲蚀角下,光伏组件的输出功率比未冲蚀光伏组件的输出功率分别降低了9.82%~16%,15.42%~24.46%,输出功率降低率的平均值分别为13%,19.39%。此外,通过比较发现,当冲蚀角为90°时,光伏组件的输出功率与未冲蚀光伏组件输出功率之间的差值较大,输出功率降低率的最大值为24.46%。

Based on the environmental factors of the wild desert, based on the airflow sandblasting jet method, the wind and sand erosion system is used to simulate the desert wind and sand environment, and the impact of sand and dust erosion on the output characteristics of photovoltaic modules at different installation inclination and wind speed is analyzed. Microscope(SEM) observation of the morphology of erosion on the surface of photovoltaic modules. The analysis results show that the erosion rate of the tempered glass on the surface of the photovoltaic module increases with the increase of the erosion angle, and reaches a maximum when the erosion angle is 90°. It was also found through experiments that when the erosion speeds were 25 and 30 m/s, the output power of photovoltaic modules at different erosion angles was reduced by 9.82%~16% and 15.42%~24.46%, compared with the output power of un-eroded photovoltaic modules, the average output power reduction rate is 13% and 19.39%. In addition, through comparison, when the erosion angle is 90°, the difference between the output power of the photovoltaic module and the output power of the non-eroded photovoltaic module is large, and the maximum value of the output power reduction rate is 24.46%.