国际技术溢出、自主研发与绿色技术进步——基于异质性人力资本的调节效应分析

International Technology Spillovers, Independent R&D and Green Technology Progress——Analysis of the Moderating Effect of Heterogeneous Human Capital

立足于经济动能转变以及人口红利渐失的现实,基于Benhabib and Spiegel逻辑斯蒂技术扩散模型和理论分析表明,中国可通过调整人力资本结构来获取低能耗、清洁的国际技术溢出和自主研发,促进绿色技术进步。目前,绿色技术进步的主要方式仍是国际技术溢出,自主研发抑制了绿色全要素生产率(GTFP)增长。国际技术溢出和自主研发分别与高级人力资本结合均显著推动绿色技术进步,但与低级人力资本结合却不利于绿色技术进步。空间SDM模型的回归结果表明,FDI技术溢出具有显著的空间扩散效应,自主研发则有负向的空间挤出效应,此外低级人力资本对自主研发在促进相邻地区的GTFP方面有正向调节效应。上述结果表明人力资本高级化对实现自主研发为主导的绿色技术进步有关键性的作用。

Based on Benhabib and Spiegel’s logistic technology diffusion model and theoretical analysis, China can adjust the human capital structure to obtain clean international technology spillovers and independent R&D for promoting green technology progress. Using 2005-2015 provincial panel data, the basic model regressions show that the major sources of green technology progress still comes from international technology spillover, while independent R&D inhibits the growth of green total factor productivity(GTFP). Both international technology spillovers and R&D combine with advanced human capital have significantly promoted GTFP, but the combination with low-level human capital can not promote green technology progress. The SDM(Spatial Dubin Model) model results show that FDI technology spillover has a significant spatial diffusion effect, while independent R&D has a negative spatial squeeze-out effect. In addition, the low-level human capital has positive moderating effect between independent R&D and adjacent regions GTFP. The above results indicate that the advancement of human capital has a key role to the progress of green technology led by independent R&D.