大鹏新区297例沿海居民泌尿系统结石成分调查分析

Investigation and analysis of stone composition in urinary system in 297 coastal residents in Dapeng New District

目的了解深圳市大鹏新区沿海居民泌尿系统结石患者的结石成分现状,为当地的临床防治工作提供参考依据。方法收集2017年3月~2019年1月来深圳市大鹏新区妇幼保健院就诊的泌尿系统结石患者297例,采用红外光谱法检测确定其结石成分,并结合临床资料进行统计分析。结果297例结石患者共检出16种结石成分,其中单一成分结石65例,占21.89%,明显低于混合成分结石的78.11%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单一成分结石中以一水草酸钙检出率最高,为21.89%,而混合成分结石以一水草酸钙+无水尿酸检出率最高,为34.68%;男性尿酸类结石检出率为51.50%,明显高于女性的28.87%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而女性患者感染性结石检出率为21.65%,明显高于男性的4.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肾结石中含钙结石检出率为98.07%,明显高于其他部位结石,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而膀胱结石中尿酸类、感染性及羟基磷灰石类结石检出率分别为96.00%、24.00%及8.00%,明显高于其他部位结石,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);20~39岁结石患者含钙结石和感染性结石检出率最高,分别为95.51%和17.98%,明显高于其他年龄段,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而≥60岁结石患者尿酸类结石检出率最高,为63.33%,明显高于其他年龄段,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论深圳市大鹏新区泌尿系统结石以含钙结石成分为主,其次为尿酸类结石,不同性别、年龄及发病部位存在很大差异,可为本地区泌尿系统结石的防治工作提供科学参考依据。

Objective To understand the status of stone composition in patients with urinary calculi in coastal residents of Dapeng New District of Shenzhen and to provide reference for local clinical prevention and treatment work.Methods 297 patients with urinary calculi who were diagnosed in Dapeng New District Maternal and Child Health Hospital od Shenzhen from March 2017 to January 2019 were selected.Infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the stone composition and it was combined with clinical data for statistical analysis.Results Sixteen components of stones were detected in 297 patients with urinary calculi.Among them,65 cases were single-component stones,accounting for 21.89%,which was significantly lower than 78.11%of mixed-component stones.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Among the single-component stones,the highest detection rate of calcium oxalate monohydrate was 21.89%while the mixed component stone had the highest detection rate of calcium oxalate monohydrate and anhydrous uric acid,which was 34.68%.The detection rate of uric acid stones in males was 51.50%,which was significantly higher than that of females(28.87%).The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rate of infectious stones in female patients was 21.65%,which was significantly higher than that in males.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rate of calcium stones in kidney stones was 98.07%,which was significantly higher than that of other sites.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rates of uric acid,infectious and hydroxyapatite stones in bladder stones were 96.00%,24.00%and 8.00%,respectively,which were significantly higher than stones in other parts.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rate of calcium stones and infectious stones was the highest in patients aged 20 to 39 years old,which were respectively 95.51%and 17.98%,significantly higher than those of other age groups.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rate of uric acid calculi in patients aged 60 years or older was the highest(63.33%),which was significantly higher than that in other age groups.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The urinary system stones in Dapeng New District of Shenzhen are mainly composed of calcium-containing stones,followed by uric acid stones.There are signifciant differences in gender,age and disease sites,which can provide scientific reference for the prevention and treatment of urinary calculi in this area.