十九世纪自然美学三大发展及其理论效应

Development of Natural Aesthetics in Three Aspects in 19th Century and its Theoretical Effect

在黑格尔“美学即艺术哲学”观念影响下,十九世纪英美自然美学的哲学研究进入衰落期。尽管如此,自然美学仍然取得一些成就,主要体现为英国浪漫主义的自然崇拜、北美自然书写的兴起以及肯定美学的萌芽等三个方面。十九世纪的自然美学,批判了现代工业文明对自然的破坏,促进现代环境保护意识的产生;批判了如画欣赏模式,促进一种深层美学的发展;同时也为二十世纪环境美学的兴起奠定了基础。

Under the influence of Hegel’s idea that“aesthetics is art philosophy”,the philosophical research on natural aesthetics in Britain and America in 19th century came into its period of declination.Even so,natural aesthetics still made some achievements,which mainly were embodied in the nature worship of British romanticism,the nature writing of North America,and the sprout of positive aesthetics.Natural aesthetics in 19th century criticized the destruction of nature by modern industry civilization,and facilitated the awareness of modern environmental protection;it criticized the picturesque appreciation mode and promoted the development of aesthetics in deeper level;at the same time,it established the foundation for the rising of environment aesthetics in 20th century.