天津市一起非洲猪瘟疫情的流行病学调查

Epidemiological Investigation on an Outbreak of African Swine Fever in Tianjin City

2018年11月29日,天津市某猪场报告发生疑似非洲猪瘟疫情,病猪出现食欲不振、体温升高等症状并发生急性死亡。经国家外来动物病研究中心实验室确诊,判定为非洲猪瘟疫情暴发。接到报告后,流行病学调查组专家立即进行紧急流行病学调查,通过现场问卷调查、座谈交流、实验室检测和数据分析等方法,描述疫情的三间分布,找出风险因素,推断暴发原因,并提出防控建议。根据非洲猪瘟病毒传播特性,结合现场调查、实验室检测和数据分析结果,推断饲喂含有猪肉香肠制品的厨余垃圾是引发本次疫情的重要风险因素,但也不能完全排除人员、车辆带毒传播的可能性。本次疫情处置得当,未发生病原扩散,并得到有效控制。本次疫情调查确证了严禁饲喂厨余垃圾,加强运猪车辆管理与消毒对于非洲猪瘟防控的重要意义。

On November 29,2018,an outbreak of suspected African swine fever(ASF)took place in a swine farm in Tianjin City,and the infected pigs suffered from anorexia,increasing body temperature,acute death and other symptoms,which was finally confirmed as ASF by National Laboratory of Exotic Animal Diseases Research Center.Immediately,an emergency epidemiological investigation was carried out by means of field questionnaire survey,informal discussion,sampling for laboratory test and data analysis by the experts from an epidemiological investigation team,subsequently,the distribution of time,regional and population of the epidemic was described to identify all risk factors,infer all causes of the outbreak and to put forward corresponding suggestions. Based on the spreading characteristics of ASFV and the results of field investigation,laboratory test and data analysis,it was concluded that the outbreak was caused by the major risk factor that kitchen wastes containing pork sausage products were fed to the pigs,however,the possibility of spreading via persons and vehicles carrying the virus should not be ruled out.The outbreak was effectively controlled by appropriate measures,and no any spread of pathogens was observed. In addition,the importance for prevention and control of ASF through implementing the ban on feeding with kitchen wastes and strengthening management and disinfection for vehicles transporting pigs was verified by this investigation.