电子鼻技术应用进展及在环境检测中的应用展望

Application Progress of Electronic Nose Technology and Its Prospect in Environmental Detection

社会及科技日益进步与发展使人们早已不满足于仅仅依靠自身嗅觉的模糊感觉来臆测气味的特征,虽然人们亲自鼻嗅虽然简易方便,但是存在着巨大的偏差甚至有主观臆测的问题存在。随着嗅觉本人们的理解愈加深入,再伴随着传感器等技术的长足发展,电子鼻技术应运而生。电子鼻,仿生人类的嗅觉系统研制的一种智能电子仪器。其基本工作原理也与人类对气味的识别机制基本一致,首先传感器接收到气体从而发出信号,产生的信号经过处理与传输,最后通过自带的模式识别系统对气味做出判断。本文简述了电子鼻的基本原理及结构组成,总结了近年来电子鼻技术在食品工业、化工能源、烟草工业、医学医药、公共安全及环境监控等各个领域的研究与应用进展。结合电子鼻在其他领域中的使用与研究方法,提出了电子鼻技术在环境监控的应用可能性以及今后的发展趋势及方向。随着传感器科学、计算机科学、材料科学、仿生学以及生物学的发展,电子鼻也必将向着高度集成、微型智能和专业高效的方向发展。

The growing progress of society and the rapid development of science and technology have made people not satisfied with the olfactory ambiguity alone.Although the human sense of smell is convenient and accessible,deviations and subjective speculations are existed.Electronic nose is an intelligent electronic instrument designed and simulated by human olfactory system.The principle of basic working is to imitate the recognition mechanism of human odor.First,the sensor arrays receive and generate signals which are then transmitted.At last,the processed signals are judged by the pattern recognition system.The article introduced the basic principle and structure of electronic nose,summarized the research and application advances of electronic nose in various fields such as food,chemistry,energy,tobacco,medicine,public safety and environmental monitoring in recent years.The application possibility and future development trend of electronic nose technology in environmental monitoring are put forward.With the development of sensor science,material science,computer science,bionics and biology,electronic nose will also develop towards the direction of integration,miniaturization,intelligence and specialization,and there will be electronic nose products suitable for wood industry.