论摹状词理论的语用和句法之争

On the Pragmatic and Syntactic Controversy about the Theory of Descriptions

斯特劳森基于语义学和语用学区分的角度反驳了罗素的摹状词理论,但摹状词理论并不涉及语用学问题。所以,艾耶尔所强调的基于语用视角的“语境反驳”不是罗素对斯特劳森的反驳。摹状词理论的真正依据是“罗素区分”,即摹状词是“不完全符号”,因而和自我中心词严格不同,它不指称亲知对象并具有主体间性,这成了斯特劳森的反驳失败的根本原因。

Strawson interprets the question of descriptive words as the distinction between semantics and pragmatics,but Russell and Strawson’s argument about the theory of descriptions is not a“philosophical way of thinking”dispute,so the context debate based on this perspective is not the real argument of Russell.The basis of descriptions theory is that descriptions are“incomplete symbol”which is strictly different from egocentric words and they do not refer to an object of acquaintance and have intersubjectivity.This constitutes the root cause of Strawson’s failure.