劳动密集型产业转移:越南的优势及对中国“大国雁阵模式”的挑战

Transfer of Labor-Intensive Industry: Advantages of Vietnam and Their Challenge Towards China’s Domestic “Flying Geese” Model

发展中国家的工业化初期通常离不开劳动密集型产业的发展,而劳动密集型产业又具有转移性特征。越南作为新兴的劳动密集型产业承接国,凭借着劳动力供给、劳动力成本、企业税负、市场潜力等优势,逐渐对中国形成部分劳动密集型产业的转移替代、劳动密集型产品的国际市场竞争和中小企业的转型适应等挑战。中国劳动密集型产业要想实现国内“雁阵模式”的转移和国际竞争力的提升,应该在改善营商环境、消除区域间产业转移障碍、培育创新的竞争优势、扩大对外开放等方面做出更多努力。

The early stage of industrialization in developing countries is often inseparable from the development of labor-intensive industries which has the characteristic of transfer.Vietnam,as a new undertaking country of labor-intensive industries,has made great progress by virtue of its advantages of labor supply,labor cost,enterprise tax burden and market potential,thus gradually challenging China in the transfer and substitution of labor-intensive industries,the competition of international product market,and the transformation and adaptation of small and medium-sized enterprises.Therefore,to realize its domestic“Flying Geese”model and enhance its international competitiveness,China should make efforts to improve the business environment of enterprises,eliminate barriers to inter-regional industrial transfer,cultivate innovative competitive advantages and expand opening to the outside world.