从绝对贫困治理到相对贫困治理:中国精准扶贫长效机制的实践路径分析

From Absolute Poverty to Relative Poverty Governance:An Analysis of the Practical Path of China’s Long-term Targeted Poverty Alleviation Mechanism

我国精准扶贫治理实践是在马克思主义反贫困思想基础上的发展与创新。70年间由于生产力发展和实践需求变化,经历了从粗放式扶贫向精准脱贫的转变,开始关注相对贫困的精准脱贫治理目标。通过精准扶贫治理政策文本的主题分析,总结出中国特色精准扶贫治理的实施机制和实践经验,指出今后相对贫困治理的难点和重点,提出相对贫困治理必须持续贯彻精准扶贫理念,构建包括政策体系、工作机制、责任机制、绩效评价机制和信息机制五方面长效机制,以解决长期存在的相对贫困现象。

China's targeted poverty alleviation governance practice is based on the development and innovation of Marxist anti-poverty theory.Over the past 70 years,due to changes in productivity and changes in practice,China has experienced a shift from absolute poverty alleviation to precision poverty alleviation,and China turns to focus on the goal of targeted poverty alleviation for relative poverty.This paper summarizes the implementation mechanism and practical experience of the targeted poverty alleviation governance with Chinese characteristics through the policy topic analysis of the poverty alleviation policy,and points out the difficulties and key points of the relative poverty governance in the future.This paper proposes that the relative poverty governance must continue to implement the concept of precise poverty alleviation,and construction long-term mechanisms in five aspects:the policy system,work mechanism,responsibility mechanism,performance evaluation mechanism and information mechanism,so China can solve the relative poverty precisely that will exist in society for a long time.