环境风险评价的现状问题及建议初探

A Brief Discussion on the Current Situation and Problems in Environmental Risk Assessment

在介绍环境风险评价发展概况的基础上,简要探讨了环境风险评价存在的问题,包括环境风险评价与安全评价在技术方法上协调不足,环境风险评价与环境风险评估衔接不够到位,环境风险评价方法体系与国外尚存在差距,部分环境风险防范措施的标准指导有待完善。针对以上问题,建议不同职能部门加强沟通和合作,推动环境风险评价、安全评价技术标准和手段更好地统一;将环境风险评价和环境风险评估有效衔接或合并;加强相关基础研究和数据积累工作;在相关技术导则或评估指南中明确事故应急池等环境风险防范措施的设置依据。

Based on the development of Environmental Risk Assessment( ERA) in China,this article briefly discusses its problems from four aspects: technical methods connection between ERA and Safety Assessment( SA), the coordination between ERA and Environmental Risk Evaluation( ERE),a likely methodological gap in ERA between China and other countries,direct standards on environmental risk prevention measures calling for further improvements. This article puts forward the following suggestions: to promote better harmonization of standards between ERA and SA,related functional departments should strengthen their communications and cooperation;ERA and ERE should be effectively connected or joined together;relevant basic research and data accumulation should be strengthened;appropriate technical guidelines or evaluation guidelines may clarify the setting basis of emergency pools of companies from a range of industries.