云南耿马灌区水环境质量与退水污染负荷分析

Analysis of Water Environment Quality and Water Pollution Load of Gengma Irrigation District

为保证灌区及配套工程顺利实施,受退水区域的水污染防治工作应该优先考虑并引起足够重视。按照存在生活供水的灌区工程应遵循的先治污、后通水,先环保、后用水、增水不增污、增水减污等原则,受退水区的水环境质量应作为工程实施效果的主要指标。本文对已有的灌区工程涉及的地表水监测资料进行了整理,分析了灌区主要纳污水体的水环境质量现状。为进一步分析灌区各类退水对区域水环境的影响,针对灌区工程范围内不同的灌溉控制单元,分析其主要退水的类型、水量和水质,分析主要污染物的污染负荷来源和占比。寻找重点污染源和主要水污染问题,提出各类退水污染防治的重点方向、任务和主要建议,对灌区及配套工程的水污染防治工作具有一定的指导意义。

As a key link to ensure the smooth implementation of irrigation project,water pollution prevention and control in the irrigation areas should be given priority and given sufficient attention. According to the principles of "first control the pollution,then access the water,first protect the environment,and then use the water", " increasing water and reducing pollution",etc.,water quality in the irrigation areas should be the main index of the project implementation effect. The existing monitoring results of surface water involved in the irrigation areas were collected,and the water environmental quality in the region was also analyzed in this paper,in order to further analyze the influence of different types of return water. For each different irrigation control units,the main types,water yield and water quality were compared. The sources and share of pollution load of major pollutants were analyzed in order to find the major pollution sources and problems. Finally,the major directions,tasks and suggestions of water pollution prevention for each return water were submitted in this paper,which had certain guiding significance for water pollution prevention and control in irrigation areas and supporting projects.