构造柱和砌筑砂浆对砌体结构抗震能力影响分析

Influence of Structural Columns and Masonry Mortar on Seismic Capacity of Masonry Structure

以汶川地震宏观震中映秀镇(实际烈度Ⅺ度)中裂而未倒且保存较完好的漩口中学南西栋教师宿舍楼为原型,采用有限元软件ABAQUS进行建模分析,研究构造柱布置数量、砂浆强度对砌体结构抗震能力的影响。分别通过改变构造柱布置数量和砂浆强度等级,建立3个模型进行对比分析,选取底层间位移角最大值作为衡量标准。研究结果表明:在遭遇烈度不高于Ⅷ度的地震时,构造柱的作用微乎其微,其布置数量的多少对砌体结构抗震能力的增加效果不明显;在遭遇烈度高于Ⅷ度的地震时,构造柱作用能够显现出来,其布置数量的增加能够有效增加砌体结构的抗震能力;砌体结构的抗震性能随砂浆强度等级的增加而提高。

Based on the model of the teachers’ dormitory in Xuankou middle school, which is well preserved in Yingxiu(actual intensity is XI degree), the macro-epicenter of the Wenchuan County earthquake was modeled and analyzed by the finite element software ABAQUS. The influence of the number of structural columns and the strength of mortar on the aseismic capacity of masonry structure is studied. By changing the number of structural columns and the strength grade of mortar, three models are set up for comparative analysis, and the maximum displacement angle between the bottom layers is chosen as the standard of measurement. The results show that when the intensity of earthquake is not higher than VIII degree, the effect of the constructional column is negligible, and the number of the constructional column has no obvious effect on the aseismic capability of the masonry structure. When the intensity of earthquake is higher than VIII degree, the function of structural column appears. The increase of the number of structural columns can effectively increase the seismic capacity of masonry structure, and the aseismic capability of masonry structure increases with the increase of mortar strength grade.