不同水平互花米草提取物对泌乳奶牛生产性能和血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Spartina alterniflora extract on production performance and serum biochemical parameters of lactating dairy cows

文章旨在研究饲粮中添加互花米草提取物对奶牛产奶性能及血清生化指标的影响。试验选取体重(550±25) kg、胎次2~3胎、泌乳期(110±24) d及泌乳(24.2±4.2) kg/d的泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛90头,采用完全随机区组设计分为6组,每组15头,进行为期60 d的饲养试验,其中预试期10 d,正试期50 d。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,处理组分别在基础饲粮中每天添加5、10、25、50 g/d和100 g/d的互花米草提取物。结果表明:整个试验期间,处理组的采食量、产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、总固形物含量、乳尿素氮含量以及血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、谷氨酰胺基转移酶、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶、总蛋白、球蛋白和肌酐含量与对照组相比均无显著差异(P>0.05);5~50 g/d组乳糖率和白蛋白含量显著高于100 g/d组(P<0.05)。互花米草提取物添加量5~50 g/d组体细胞数显著低于对照组和100 g/d组(P<0.05)。50 g/d组尿素氮浓度显著高于100 g/d组(P<0.05);而该组尿酸浓度显著低于5 g/d组(P<0.05)。50 g/d组葡萄糖浓度显著高于对照组、5 g/d和10 g/d组(P<0.05)。试验条件下,饲粮中添加100 g/d范围内的互花米草提取物对奶牛产奶性能没有明显影响,但50 g/d组可以提高乳糖率和血糖浓度,降低体细胞数,是适宜的添加剂量。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary Spartina alterniflora extracts on milk performance and serum biochemical parameters of lactating cows. Ninety Holstein dairy cows were randomly divided into 6 groups with 15 cows per group according to their body weight[(550±25) kg],milk yield[(110±24) kg/d], parity(2 to 3 parities) and lactation period[(110±24) d], and feeding trial were 60 days including 10 days for adaptation and 50 days for experimental period. Cows in the control group were fed with a basal diet, and the treatment groups were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 5, 10, 25, 50 g/d and 100 g/d Spartina alterniflora extracts per day, respectively. The results showed as follows: during the whole experiment period, compared with the control group, the dry matter intake, milk yield, milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage, milk total solids percentage, milk urea nitrogen concentration, and contents of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamyl transpeptidase, alpha-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, total protein, globulin and creatinine in serum of five experimental groups were no significant different(P>0.05);however, the milk lactose percentage and albumin content in group 5 g/d to 50 g/d were significantly increased(P<0.05). Among them, the somatic cell number of the 5 g/d to 50 g/d groups were significant lower than control and 100 g/d group(P<0.05). The concentration of urea nitrogen in 50 g/d group was significantly higher than that in 100 g/d group(P<0.05). The uric acid concentration in the 50 g/d group was significantly lower than that in the 5 g/d group(P<0.05). Moreover, 50 g/d group resulted in the increase for serum glucose concentration than control, 5 g/d and 10 g/d groups(P<0.05). In conclusion, in this study dietary supplemented with Spartina alterniflora extracts ranged in 100 g/d had no effect on the milk performance of lactating cows, but 50 g/d addition increased the milk lactose percentage and serum glucose concentration, and decrease somatic cell number which indicated was a optimal addition level.