荧光染色法和KOH湿片法在头癣诊断中的应用

Comparison of fluorescence staining method and KOH wet method in the diagnosis of tinea capitis

目的比较真菌荧光染色法、KOH湿片法在头癣诊断中的应用价值。方法收集2017年2月至2019年1月在武汉科技大学附属孝感医院皮肤科门诊82例拟诊为头癣患者断发和鳞屑标本,每例同时行荧光染色、KOH湿片法以及真菌培养进行检测并记录阅片时间,对检测结果进行比较。结果荧光染色法背景相对干净,真菌清晰可辨,KOH湿片法背景杂乱,真菌较难辨认,82例患者中,荧光染色阳性66例,KOH湿片法阳性52例,真菌培养阳性61例,荧光染色法阳性率为80.49%,明显高于KOH湿片法的63.41%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);荧光染色法的阅片时间为(69.61±9.28)s,明显短于KOH湿片法的(88.76±7.79)s,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);荧光染色灵敏度90.16%,特异度47.62%;KOH湿片法灵敏度72.13%,特异度61.90%。结论在头癣诊断中,荧光染色法较KOH湿片法更加快捷和准确,值得广泛应用。

Objective To compare the value of fungal fluorescence staining and KOH wet method in the diagnosis of tinea capitis.Methods A total of 82 cases of broken hair and scales of patients with suspected tinea capitis,who admitted to Department of Dermatology,Xiaogan Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology from February 2017 to January 2019,were selected as the research subjects.The samples were simultaneously detected by fluorescence staining,KOH wet method and fungal culturing,the reading time was recorded,and the test results were compared.Results The background of the fluorescent staining method was relatively clean,and the fungi was clearly identifiable,the background of the KOH wet method was messy and the fungi were difficult to identify.There were 66 positive cases with fluorescence staining,52 positive cases with KOH wet method,and 61 positive cases with fungal culture.The positive rate of fluorescence staining was 80.49%versus 63.41%of KOH wet method(P<0.05);the reading time of fluorescent staining method was(69.61±9.28)s versus(88.76±7.79)s of KOH wet method(P<0.05);the sensitivity and specificity of fluorescence staining method were respectively 90.16%and 47.62%versus corresponding 72.13%and 61.90%of KOH wet method.Conclusion The fluorescence staining method is more rapid and accurate than KOH wet method in the diagnosis of tinea capitis.